Status of genomic selection in Indian crossbreed dairy cattle

Abstract

Genomic selection in dairy livestock in India is an advanced and proven breeding methodology. Compared to the traditional breeding where evaluation relies on phenotypic information on specific trait assessment and pedigree information through progeny selection method takes years to evaluate genetic merit of the test bull , while genomic selection accelerates genetic progress by examining the animal’s genome directly to predict desirable traits at a much earlier age of life. Genomic selection programs for dairy cattle in India primarily focus on indigenous and crossbred cattle, including Gir, Sahiwal, and crossbred Holstein Friesians. Milk production, resilience, and adaptability to the diverse challenging climatic conditions of the country are improved. Therefore, genomic tools help to make more informed decisions by the breeders, which results in enhanced productivity, improves farmer livelihoods, and supports food security through more reliable milk supply.